Helping Others
First aid refers to the medical care provided to a casualty after an injury occurs. It is often a one-time treatment, to stabilise the casualty and await professional medical help if needed. It requires minimal technology or training to administer.
Despite its importance, many potential responders hesitate to step in. This uncertainty often stems from doubts about whether they are allowed to help, concerns about causing harm, or fear of accusations.
Understanding how and when to ask for consent in first aid can empower first responders to act confidently in emergencies.
Asking for Consent
When approaching a casualty, asking for consent is a crucial first step. This demonstrates respect for their autonomy and helps establish trust. Here are some key considerations:
If the Casualty is Conscious
Introduce yourself and explain your intention to help. For example:
"Hi, I’m trained in first aid. Can I assist you?"
Wait for their response. If they agree, proceed with care.
If the Casualty is Unconscious
In cases where the casualty is unresponsive, implied consent comes into play.
This legal and ethical principle assumes that an unconscious person would agree to receive help if they were able to respond.
Remember, time is crucial during an emergency. If you can provide help, do so as quickly as possible.
If Help is Refused
Occasionally, a casualty may refuse assistance, even if they appear to need help. In such situations:
Respect their decision unless they are unconscious or their life is in immediate danger.
Monitor the situation and call emergency services if necessary. Inform them of the refusal but ensure they are aware of the casualty’s condition.
When Help is Needed: Proper Steps
If the casualty is unable to provide consent due to unconsciousness, follow the DRSABC Action Plan:
Danger: Check the area surrounding the casualty to ensure yours and their safety.
Response: Check for response: “Hello? Are you okay?”. If unresponsive, shout for help.
Shout: Ask bystanders to call 995 and find an A.E.D.
A.E.D: Attach the defibrillator to the casualty and follow the voice prompts.
Breathing: Check for chest rises for up to 10 seconds. If not breathing, follow the A.E.D prompts for CPR.
CPR: Start chest compressions. Continue compressions according to the A.E.D prompts, or until help arrives.
*It is vital to note that if there is no A.E.D available, and the casualty is unconscious and not breathing: Start CPR immediately. For every minute without CPR, the rate of cardiac arrest survival decreases by 7–10%.
Make A Difference
Providing first aid is a vital skill that can save lives.
Knowing when and how to step in begins with understanding consent. Conscious casualties must grant permission, while implied consent allows for intervention when someone is unresponsive.
By being prepared and confident, you can make a significant difference when someone needs help the most.